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Logical Fallacies and You!
Phoenix.Jimie
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By Phoenix.Jimie 2011-06-15 19:57:47
Bismarck.Elanabelle said:
So, if an outspoken liberal-ish person is not against the drug screening for Welfare applicants, I have a hard time seeing how anyone could not think it's a sound idea ... unless I suppose one is a druggie Welfare recipient now.
Spare me your "this won't decrease drug use" gibberish. What the hell else could it do? What the hell else would it's purpose be?
I would appreciate it if before being condescending towards myself or any other poster on here, that you learn what imply means. Yes, you state you "have a hard time seeing" and then corroborate this with "unless I suppose one is a druggie Welfare recipient now". Let's ask the audience what they think is implied by this.
Bismarck.Elanabelle said: No, we can not, Daemun.
Epic slaughtering my ***.
More like pathetic dribble.
Please also learn what dribble means. You dribble a basketball. You dribble out the side of your mouth. If you are being condescending, please use correct diction and don't spout pathetic drivel.
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-15 20:18:55
dribble(informal) and drivel(formal) are interchangeable and this isn't a formal debate.
I like nit-picking just as well as anyone else, but that's the lowest form of argument and isn't really productive past ego stroking.
It goes from nitpicking syntax, to nitpicking grammatical formatting(though this can sometimes be necessary for those who appear to be allergic to the "enter key"), past that you can get into actually discussion/argument/debate territory, rather than a simple pissing contest.
Past that, I am not posting anymore fallacy entries until tomorrow, but but sure, past that please carry on as long as it isn't too-too heated. lol.
So yeah.
Don't get too vicious guys, I want to keep posting this through the whole thing if I can, as long as people are interested of course.
edit:
also,no need to imply that I think either of you are actually getting upset in the matter---in regards to previous statement about "getting heated"
not saying that either party would specifically, just covering the FFXIAH bases after making a gllorified "calm down guys" statement.
[+]
Phoenix.Jimie
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By Phoenix.Jimie 2011-06-15 21:05:40
Dribble
Sorry, but I don't see an informal definition of dribble to support it being an adjective to describe speech.
Asura.Vyre
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By Asura.Vyre 2011-06-15 21:18:38
Phoenix.Jimie said: Dribble Sorry, but I don't see an informal definition of dribble to support it being an adjective to describe speech. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/drivel
Carbuncle.Ceolwulf
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By Carbuncle.Ceolwulf 2011-06-15 21:31:54
That is referring to the definition of drivel meaning to salivate.
Asura.Vyre
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By Asura.Vyre 2011-06-15 21:41:58
Carbuncle.Ceolwulf said: That is referring to the definition of drivel meaning to salivate. The words are synonyms. Whether Elana was refering solely to words one cannot tell. He could of literally meant that it was more like drool oozing out of his intended recipient's mouth.
Phoenix.Jimie
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By Phoenix.Jimie 2011-06-15 21:49:00
Asura.Vyre said: Carbuncle.Ceolwulf said: That is referring to the definition of drivel meaning to salivate. The words are synonyms. Whether Elana was refering solely to words one cannot tell. He could of literally meant that it was more like drool oozing out of his intended recipient's mouth.
This is true, although the context strongly indicates that he was referring to the words.
Also, not sure why a link was posted to support my definition of drivel, a link which included both definitions 1) to salivate 2) to speak childishly.
I linked to show dribble is not and should not be used in a context to mean that what someone is saying is childish/stupid.
Drivel and dribble are only synonyms insofar as referring to drool coming from someone's mouth. They are not synonyms when you are describing someone's speech/writing as childish/stupid.
Carbuncle.Ceolwulf
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By Carbuncle.Ceolwulf 2011-06-15 21:50:07
Asura.Vyre said: Carbuncle.Ceolwulf said: That is referring to the definition of drivel meaning to salivate. The words are synonyms. Whether Elana was refering solely to words one cannot tell. He could of literally meant that it was more like drool oozing out of his intended recipient's mouth. The words are synonyms when used in context of drool coming out of someone's oral cavity, not when describing useless speech.
Asura.Vyre
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By Asura.Vyre 2011-06-15 22:04:09
Funny you should mention the word drool, as it also refers to talking foolishly. The argument against a Elana's word choice is a silly one, for he was understood. Had Elana used a word that had nothing in common with the word you believe he intended to use, then it would have a better foundation. As it stands, both words can be used interchangeably.
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-15 22:08:10
Carbuncle.Ceolwulf said: That is referring to the definition of drivel meaning to salivate. Again you are completely missing the point by ranting on about a single grammar faux pas. I.E. Pissing contest.
Both drivel and dribble have the same root word.
Drivel in the sense of useless talk...hmm wonder why a root word such as drivel would be correlated with dribble?
I just really can't understand why you feel the need to pursue it past something as obvious as that.
Sure it doesn't fit your prescribed notation of grammatical efficacy, but it's no less correct than the term drivel, if it wasn't you wouldn't have understood why he even used the word.
This is not college writing class, man.
Use your critique like a sword, but let the sword fit the setting bro.
I cna tawk lak diz if yew wunt. Ale eve an youse thee wrawng werds awn parpus tew furthar interstate. you see I used the word interstate there, but I am pretty sure you can assume what word should be there.
Apologize for the rant.
I get tunnel vision so to speak when I'm baked.
So at the moment, it's like 2 illogical fallacies, and like however much is left past that, I don't have the number in my head and I shan't check tonight.
Phoenix.Jimie
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By Phoenix.Jimie 2011-06-15 22:11:49
Asura.Vyre said: Funny you should mention the word drool, as it also refers to talking foolishly. The argument against a Elana's word choice is a silly one, for he was understood. Had Elana used a word that had nothing in common with the word you believe he intended to use, then it would have a better foundation. As it stands, both words can be used interchangeably.
Funny you should mention synonym by association.
Hear : to attend or participate in (to hear Mass)
Attend : to take charge of (They attended our affairs during our absence)
Therefore, "hear" means the same as "to take charge of".
My point was not whether Elana was understood or not, my point was that he was attempting to demonstrate his intelligence while simultaneously failing to even have a full grasp of the English language. If Elana cannot understand what a simple word like dribble means, how can we expect him to know or comprehend a logical fallacy? (Yes, I am well aware this argument is itself a logical fallacy).
Phoenix.Jimie
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By Phoenix.Jimie 2011-06-15 22:22:50
Ramuh.Vinvv said: Use your critique like a sword, but let the sword fit the setting bro.
So this setting is completely acceptable to be condescending in, but not to make points based upon someone's knowledge?
Just seems odd you'd let Elana's condescension slide by without a comment, but decide to pick me up on correcting his diction.
Yes, I was being petty by nit-picking the point, however, in my opinion, his attitude and they way he allows emotions to rule his posts when he supposedly adopts this "I'm smarter than you" stance, is far less acceptable in a debate setting.
At least a point could be made from my nit-picking, albeit a logical fallacy. What point or purpose does a condescending attitude serve?
Asura.Vyre
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By Asura.Vyre 2011-06-15 22:23:10
Phoenix.Jimie said: Asura.Vyre said: Funny you should mention the word drool, as it also refers to talking foolishly. The argument against a Elana's word choice is a silly one, for he was understood. Had Elana used a word that had nothing in common with the word you believe he intended to use, then it would have a better foundation. As it stands, both words can be used interchangeably. Funny you should mention synonym by association. Hear : to attend or participate in (to hear Mass) Attend : to take charge of (They attended our affairs during our absence) Therefore, "hear" means the same as "to take charge of". My point was not whether Elana was understood or not, my point was that he was attempting to demonstrate his intelligence while simultaneously failing to even have a full grasp of the English language. If Elana cannot understand what a simple word like dribble means, how can we expect him to know or comprehend a logical fallacy? (Yes, I am well aware this argument is itself a logical fallacy). Clearly Elana does understand the meaning of a simple word like dribble, otherwise he would of used it in a completely unknowable context.
Phoenix.Jimie
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By Phoenix.Jimie 2011-06-15 22:28:22
Asura.Vyre said: Clearly Elana does understand the meaning of a simple word like dribble, otherwise he would of used it in a completely unknowable context.
So it's ok for me to say "I like playing basketball" when what I really mean is "I like playing table tennis"? I clearly understand the meaning of the word basketball, otherwise I would have used it in a completely unknowable context.
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-15 22:59:10
Bismarck.Josiahfk said: Phoenix.Jimie said: Just seems odd you'd let Elana's condescension slide by without a comment, but decide to pick me up on correcting his diction. Condescension is not surprising regarding Elana though, not much more to add to that /shrug Exactly.
I expect such from him as we have been at odds a few times in the past.
I'd rather take me getting on to Jimie rather than elanabella is due to the fact that I've went down that road already, my purpose in pointing that out was to quash back and forth of that finite nature.
Asura.Vyre
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By Asura.Vyre 2011-06-15 23:11:05
Phoenix.Jimie said: Asura.Vyre said: Clearly Elana does understand the meaning of a simple word like dribble, otherwise he would of used it in a completely unknowable context. So it's ok for me to say "I like playing basketball" when what I really mean is "I like playing table tennis"? I clearly understand the meaning of the word basketball, otherwise I would have used it in a completely unknowable context. Clearly you don't, if what you meant was table tennis, but since those aren't synonyms I don't see much relevance. As far as I would know, you like playing Basketball, but then if I got you to come play it, you would wonder why we weren't playing Table Tennis. I would not understand you until you showed me that you meant Table Tennis.
It's not like when you read Elana's post you were confused. You knew he was insulting/condescending to you. You knew exactly what he was saying. If you did not, you would be oblivious to the meaning of his words used within the context.
What is your opinion on metaphors, similes, hyperbole, and other such comparisons? If everything must be written verbatim to a dictionary definition, wherein synonyms cannot interchange, then why are things such as poetry understood? Why do novelists and other writers not use precise words?
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By Shiva.Flionheart 2011-06-15 23:15:58
You people should really stop defending Elanabelle.
He doesn't deserve, or need it.
Asura.Vyre
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By Asura.Vyre 2011-06-15 23:24:02
Shiva.Flionheart said: You people should really stop defending Elanabelle. He doesn't deserve, or need it. But the debating is good here Q,Q! You know that I don't condone Elana. :( I just don't see how condescending to someone will stop them from condescending to others. :o Plus bored! Maybe I should help Vinvv get this back on topic by reading more in depth about the fallacies that I am almost assuredly producing.
Bahamut.Eorphere
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By Bahamut.Eorphere 2011-06-15 23:29:11
I haven't read every post in this thread, but since the topic has been brought up, I will toss out my opinion based on the responses I have read.
Differences in opinion or issues of semantics should never have any real affect on logic. A truly logical argument (at least a valid, deductive argument) is always necessarily true given that the premises are true. Any argument is composed of premises and at least one conclusion (though some are more complex). A valid argument is only one that has perfect reasoning in one sense: that the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises. For example, this argument is actually logically valid:
If whales have tails, then they are humans.
Whales have tails.
Therefore, whales are humans.
This reasoning is flawless.
The problem, however, is in the premises. Anyone who knows the terminology of logic will know that this argument is not sound (but it is not by any means a logical fallacy). However, without digressing anymore, I will toss out my opinion of logical fallacies (for those who even care).
A logic fallacy is simply something that shows a flaw in the logic of an argument... the truth values of the premises or statements are irrelevant. For example, the following argument is invalid even though all the premises and the conclusion is true:
All men are humans
There is a man named Tom
Therefore, men exist
this is a clear-cut example of a conclusion being true, but not following from the conclusion. Even though this is obvious, some arguments are not so obvious. Formal logical fallacies help us catch the flaws in such cases.
As I originally stated, semantics and opinions should not be a factor when analyzing the validity of arguments. reasoning for the truth value of premises is important, and I understand that... and the weight of evidence for inductive arguments is very important when looking at arguments. But, pretty often I witness people claiming things to be logical fallacies that just are not. Just because you disagree with the truth value of a premise doesn't imply that someone has committed a logical fallacy.
Clearly some people in this thread understand and probably are bored already with my post, but I can tell that some people just do not understand what a fallacy really is. Here is one example of a logical fallacy (it is called denying the antecedent):
If A, then B
not A
Therefore, not B.
This does not logically follow. However, I have witnessed plenty of people accept this yet call the following a logical fallacy just because they disagree with A or B:
If A, then B
A
Therefore, B.
Maybe I have overdone it with examples, but the point is that many people look too much into the content of an argument instead of the logical structure when tossing out the fact that it is fallacious.
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-16 05:56:34
Shiva.Flionheart said: You people should really stop defending Elanabelle.
He doesn't deserve, or need it. You shouldn't assume that we are defending him.
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-16 07:33:13
Continuation of Informal Logical Fallacies:
Since there are only two left for informal fallacies I will cover both here in this post.
Vagueness
Quote: All things…swim in continua.
(Charles Sanders Peirce) Quote: Vagueness is a characteristic of language, specifically of those terms which classify or qualify objects, that is, common nouns and adjectives. Such terms divide the world of objects into those the term applies to—the extension of the term—and those to which it doesn't. For example, the common noun "elephant" divides the world into elephants and non-elephants.
What characterizes a vague term is the existence of borderline cases which do not clearly belong or not belong to its extension. For example, consider the familiar concept of "chair": some things are clearly chairs—what you're sitting on right now, for instance—and others are clearly not—for instance, an elephant even though you might sit upon one. But there are many borderline cases: barstools, beanbag "chairs", school desks, etc.
Vagueness is to be distinguished from ambiguity, though rather fittingly the distinction is vague! An ambiguous term is one with more than one meaning, whereas vagueness is characteristic of a single meaning that has borderline cases. However, it is not unusual for a term to be both ambiguous and vague; in fact, this is the usual case.
Vagueness is a pervasive characteristic of language, and there is no reason to think that it can or should be eliminated. This is because many things in the world that we wish to distinguish lie upon qualitative scales. The color spectrum is a good example of this, and we definitely wish to distinguish colors such as orange and yellow, even though the difference between them is one of wavelength.
Moreover, the fallacy of Vagueness occurs only when the appearance of soundness in an argument depends upon vagueness in its terms. The mere fact of vagueness is not sufficient to justify an accusation of fallacy, but it is sometimes a boobytrap which can cause the unsuspecting person(you) to fall into fallacious reasoning. For this reason, it is useful to be aware of and on our guard against vague terms, so that we can continue to use our vague language without being ensnared by it.
Example:
Quote: A Supreme Court ruling regarding pornography included the view that what is "pornographic" should be determined in accordance with "community standards." However, a prosecutor who tried to establish a case against a distributor of pornographic materials on the grounds that he or she had acted in violation of "community standards" would have to assign a very precise meaning to that very vague criterion-a precision to which it does not lend itself. Weak Analogy
Alias:
Quote: False Analogy
Faulty Analogy
Questionable Analogy Form:
Quote: A is like B.
B has property P.
Therefore, A has property P.
(Where the analogy between A and B is weak.) Example: Quote: Efforts to ban chlordane assailed
WASHINGTON (AP)--The only exterminator in Congress told his colleagues Wednesday that it would be a short-sighted move to ban use of chlordane and related termiticides that cause cancer in laboratory animals.
Supporters of the bill, however, claimed that the Environmental Protection Agency was "dragging its feet" on a chemical that could cause 300,000 cancers in the American population in 70 years.
"This bill reminds me of legislation that ought to be introduced to outlaw automobiles" on the grounds that cars kill people, said Rep. Tom DeLay, R-Texas, who owns an exterminating business.
EPA banned use of the chemicals on crops in 1974, but permitted use against termites because the agency did not believe humans were exposed. Chlordane does not kill termites but rather drives them away.
Source: Associated Press, June 25th, 1987
Exposition:
This is a very common fallacy, but "False Analogy", its common name, is very misleading. Analogies are neither true nor false, instead they come in degrees from near identity to extreme dissimilarity. Here are two important points about analogy:
1.
No analogy is perfect, that is, there is always some difference between analogs. Otherwise, they would not be two analogous objects, but only one, and the relation would be one of identity, not analogy.
2.
There is always some similarity between any two objects, no matter how different. For example, Lewis Carroll once posed the following nonsense riddle:
How is a raven like a writing desk?
The point of the riddle was that they're not; alike, that is. However, to Carroll's surprise, some of his readers came up with clever solutions to the supposedly unsolvable riddle, for instance:
Because Poe wrote on both.
Some arguments from analogy are based on analogies that are so weak that the argument is too weak for the purpose to which it is put. How strong an argument needs to be depends upon the context in which it occurs, and the use that it is intended to serve. Thus, in the absence of other evidence, and as a guide to further research, even a very weak analogical argument may be strong enough. Therefore, while the strength of an argument from analogy depends upon the strength of the analogy in its premisses, it is not solely determined by that strength.
--------------------------------
I've made a bit of a mistake in reasoning in regards to the amount of fallacies.
So far I have covered the core aspects of informal fallacies, but not the subfallacies.
So past this I shall cover the subfallacies.
I am working on fashioning a list so that I can have a better method of which to cover the items.
List of informal sub-fallacies(I know it may cover some redundant information, but I feel it shall be okay since it will be in a more specific manner.I think I will just format the list, and provide a brief statement about each item with a hypertext link)
Then further past that I am going to try to illustrate formal fallacies different as to where I will cover each fallacy and subfallacy in accordance to where they are located here.
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By Bismarck.Elanabelle 2011-06-16 07:54:48
Ramuh.Vinvv said: Shiva.Flionheart said: You people should really stop defending Elanabelle.
He doesn't deserve, or need it. You shouldn't assume that we are defending him.
Exactly, Vinvv!
Flionheart has provided us with another fine example of a logical fallacy. It's known as a "Psychologist's fallacy".
Well done, Flionheart, well done indeed.
And, yes, while I do not need anyone to "defend" me, it's good to know that you're grateful for how I defended you when those numskulls from Ragnarok were roasting you like a pig on a spit here last weekend.
So much for gratitude, eh?
Ya know, for someone who loves to go on-and-on about how I should be more "humble", and much of a "hypocrite" I am, you sure are hypocritical. A finer aspect of humility is the ability to forgive and move on. If you can't find it within yourself to forgive me, then you would be best served to ignore me completely.
Phoenix.Huginn
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By Phoenix.Huginn 2011-06-16 08:22:27
does anyone else remember how ellanabelle claimed to be conducting some form of social experiment for some non existent thesis for a non existent university? because i do. i still think elennabelle is a pretty cool guy, he doesnt afraid of not understanding control group.
[+]
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-16 08:29:34
Phoenix.Huginn said: does anyone else remember how ellanabelle claimed to be conducting some form of social experiment for some non existent thesis for a non existent university? because i do. i still think elennabelle is a pretty cool guy, eh doesnt afraid of not understanding control group. ftfy
;)
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By Bismarck.Elanabelle 2011-06-16 08:46:10
Phoenix.Huginn said: does anyone else remember how ellanabelle claimed to be conducting some form of social experiment for some non existent thesis for a non existent university? because i do. i still think elennabelle is a pretty cool guy, he doesnt afraid of not understanding control group.
You crazy if you think I claimed to be writing a thesis.
You crazy if you think I claimed to be funded by a university.
When I first joined up with these forums, I was indeed baiting certain identified subjects in order to investigate the phenomenon known as "trolling". I'm a bit older and a bit less-experienced on "teh internets" compared to most users here. So, the trolling behavior was somewhat novel to me then and it seemed (at the time) to be quite rampant in this particular forum.
So, yeah, I was conducting a (very) informal experiment. Although I guess it would be more accurately classified as a multiple-case study. True story.
Anyways, (News flash!) that ended (as announced at the time) several months ago.
I think it's hysterical how often people (like yourself) indulge themselves by mocking me, claiming that I fabricated the "social experiment" ex post facto as a ruse to "save face".
The irony there is that it's you (not me) making stuff up ... to suit your preconceived "imaginary arch-villain" notion of who I am.
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By Valefor.Slipispsycho 2011-06-16 08:47:46
For someone who doesn't understand what trolling is, you are pretty good at it. That's all I'm going to say on the subject.
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By Bismarck.Elanabelle 2011-06-16 08:51:54
Valefor.Slipispsycho said: For someone who doesn't understand what trolling is, you are pretty good at it. That's all I'm going to say on the subject.
Correction.
I didn't (past tense) understand the concept of trolling.
It's absolutely true that (during that little experiment) I had to employ some trolling tactics to encourage the behaviors I hoped to study.
For better or worse, that was successful.
But I haven't trolled here in months now, at least not intentionally or knowingly.
Ramuh.Vinvv
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By Ramuh.Vinvv 2011-06-16 09:04:49
Bismarck.Elanabelle said: Valefor.Slipispsycho said: For someone who doesn't understand what trolling is, you are pretty good at it. That's all I'm going to say on the subject.
Correction.
I didn't (past tense) understand the concept of trolling.
It's absolutely true that (during that little experiment) I had to employ some trolling tactics to encourage the behaviors I hoped to study.
For better or worse, that was successful.
But I haven't trolled here in months now, at least not intentionally or knowingly. That's why I believe the concept of "trolling" is just the internet rehash of already established behavior.
It's existed for centuries, just not with that specific internet-related jargon in this context.
I find it all going back to the heart of it all, the con man.
But that's more with the version of trolling that I prefer.
Not the open mouth duhrrrrr and the "derpaderherpaderp" blather.
The concept of giving false impressions, double-meanings, and the like of such have and still do intrigue me.
But there is the verifiable difference between what people call "trolling" and what I call "trolling", we all have different reasons for our methodology, some have given it more thought than others of course.
When I think of trolling culturally a few film and television personalities come to mind, Sasha Baron Cohen aka the Borat. Stephen Colbert, Zach Galafianakis, and many others come to mind for me.
So I was stumbling around on http://www.stumbleupon.com and I came upon this: taxonomy of logical fallacies
I think I'm just going to cover it(paraphrasing pretty much, each of the items on the link provided direct you to a definition and explanation of the term) step by step, maybe throw in a few examples. Welp, here's the first one.
Logical Fallacy-
the word "fallacy" can be a bit vague and ambigous, frequently it is used to mean "common factual error", logical fallacy is a bit different, it shares the meaning in it being a error, but rather than a specific factual error it's more a common error in reasoning.
further ambiguity is conveyed through "type" and "reason", I'll slap on a quotation here for this:
Quote: 1.Type: In this sense, a logical fallacy is a type of error, that is, a class of many similar instances of bad reasoning.
2.Instance: In this sense, a logical fallacy is an instance of bad reasoning, that is, a specific argument rather than a class of them.
So, again
Quote: Logical Fallacy = a common type of error in reasoning.
Logical fallacies are subdivided into three categories, I'll cover the one that doesn't branch out further first.
Loaded Question-
Quote: "How am I to get in?" asked Alice again, in a louder tone.
"Are you to get in at all?" said the Footman, "That's the first question, you know." A loaded question is a question with a false, disputed, or question-begging presupposition.
Ex.
Quote: Why should merely cracking down on terrorism help to stop it, when that method hasn't worked in any other country? Why are we so hated in the Muslim world? What did our government do there to bring this horror home to all those innocent Americans? And why don't we learn anything, from our free press, about the gross ineptitude of our state agencies? about what's really happening in Afghanistan? about the pertinence of Central Asia's huge reserves of oil and natural gas? about the links between the Bush and the bin Laden families?
Loaded questions are chock full of false or questionable presuppositions(see:ASSUMPTIONS).
The question "Have you stopped beating your wife?" presupposes that you have beaten your wife prior to its asking, as well as that you have a wife. If you are unmarried, or have never beaten your wife, then the question is loaded.
I was going to go with the whole wife beating one but I'd rather go with one that I heard quite frequently growing up.
"Does your Mom know that you are gay? Yes or No?"
Answering both yes and no makes you "gay" in the context of that conversation.
Makes me wonder at what point I correlated the word gay with homosexual and past that when negativity was associated with the word.
I'm going to try to just cover this over time because it's a pretty large set of items.
edit-6/16/11-
If you follow the thread I went through each of the primary informal fallacies, here is a comprehensive list full of links for each subcategory.
I plan to change this further so that I will include all the previously mentioned fallacies that did not contain sub-fallacies.
Either way if you want to see a more elaborated version of my input for this you can follow the thread to see each fallacy I have mentioned so far, while looking through the thread you can also see many of these fallacies in action.
informal fallacy continuation----EXPANDED EDITION-----
___________________
One Sidedness
Quoting Out of Context
Ambiguity
Amphiboly
Scope Fallacy
Accent
Equivocation
Redefinition
Red Herring
Straw Man
Genetic Fallacy
Appeal to Misleading Authority
Appeal to Celebrity
Etymological Fallacy
Ad Hominem
Poisoning the Well
Bandwagon Fallacy
Two Wrongs Make a Right
Tu Quoque
Appeal to Consequences
Appeal to Force
Wishful Thinking
Emotional Appeal
Guilt by Association
The Hitler Card
Non Causa Pro Causa
Cum Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc
Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc
Regression Fallacy
Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy
Vagueness
Fake Precision
Slippery Slope
Appeal to Nature
Begging the Question
Loaded Words
Question-begging Analogy
Weak Analogy
Unrepresentative Sample
Hasty Generalization
Anecdotal Fallacy
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