Star Trek transporters work (supposedly) by measuring the state of every particle in your body down to the sub-atomic level, and then "beaming" them all from one location to another. The trouble is, the
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle in quantum physics says it's not possible to ever directly measure the state of a sub-atomic particle with absolute consistency.
To get around this, Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry simply said that transporters employ a "Heisenberg Compensator" module, and called it a day.
Years later during a guest panel, a physics geek in the audience of a Star Trek convention asked him: "How does the Heisenberg Compensator work?"
Gene replied, "It works just fine, thank you. Next question."