First thing I would do is another system restore to before changes were made. Assuming Windows 10.
Secondly there shouldn't be an update that prevents Windower fro launching at all.
Third I've seen a few things cause the scenario, but as I'm slightly familiar with that setup I'd try these:
card is a intel hd 3000 and a geforce gt555m
If the system restore doesn't work I'd verify you don't have the bloatware running for these. Also with that exact combo I'd make sure the chipset drivers are up to date, intel igpu are up to date (from intel) and nvidia drivers are up to date (from nvidia), I know my Asus laptop with the Asus drivers will have the same problem on trying to launch POL at all. That being said that software also has a priority setting for software, doesn't realy work for ***for XI and windows 10 though.
Other thing is some people have had to verify their ffxi/windower/registry resolution settings and have them uniform.
It sounds like an update *** with your drivers, don't let it do that.